유엔한국임시위원단

유엔한국임시위원단의 미 연락장교 보고서

Report of U.S. Liaison Officer to UN Temporary Commission on Korea
1948-08-03 · 보고일 1948-08-03 유엔한국임시위원단 United Nations Temporary Commission on Korea
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수신: 주한미육군 사령관 1. ‘1947년 11월 14일 유엔총회에서 채택한 결의안에 따라 한국의 국회 구성과 정부를 수립할 남한의 대표에 대한 선거감시 및 주한미육군의 참여. 1947년 11월14일~1948년 8월 26일’이라는 제목의 보고서의 제5장(<첨부문서> 제1~14호)의 사본 14부를 첨부했습니다. 보고서는 가능한 한 빨리 활용할 수 있도록 하기 위해 제4장(한국정부 수립과 유엔한국임시위원단의 참여)이 없이 제출됐습니다. 2. 제4장은 이제 끝났으며 사본 제1~14호는(<첨부문서> 및 사진과 함께) 아래 건의된 대로 배포하기 위해 보냈습니다. 국무성 4 육군성 3 합참 1 중앙정보단 1 극동사령부 1 제24군단 2 주한미육군 1 주한미군정청 1 3. 제5장(1947년 11월 14일의 유엔결의안 제2의 제4항목 이행)은 보고서에 추가돼 나중에 제출될 것입니다. 미 육군준장 존 웩커링(John Weckerling) 첨부문서: 사본 제1~14호 <첨부문서> 목차 목차 1. 한국정부 수립과 유엔한국임시위원단의 참여 (중략) <첨부문서> 제202B호 / 제98차 회의 요약 기록 등 1948년 5월 (A/AC.19/SR.98) 2급 비밀 유엔한국임시위원단 제98차 회의 요약 기록 서울 덕수궁 일시: 1948년 8월 24일 화요일 오전 10시 30분 의장: 루나(Luna, 필리핀 공화국) 참석: 패터슨(Patterson, 캐나다) 리유(Liu, 중국) 발레(Valle, 엘살바도르) 폴 봉쿨(Paul-Boncour, 프랑스) 싱(Singh, 인도) 안건채택(문서 A/AC.19/Agenda 98) 폴 봉쿨(프랑스)은 제95차 회의를 재소집했다. 위원단은 3개의 추가 항목을 승인했다. 즉 보고서 제1부의 제5장 끝에 삽입할 105, 106, 107항을 승인했다. 보고서 제1부에 이들 항목을 추가해 제2부의 제1장 A절의 처음 8개항을 그대로 놔둘 필요가 없어졌다. 위원단이 그 문제에 대해 결정을 해야 하기 때문에 그는 의사일정의 제3조항 즉 ‘보고서 제2부의 제1장 A절의 재고’ 추가를 제안했다. 동의 패터슨(캐나다)은 제4조항에 ‘기초위원회 소집에 관한 고려’ 추가를 제안했다. 이 문제는 대표들이 서울을 떠나는 시기와 뉴욕에 도착하는 시기 사이에 위원단 의장이 교체될 예정이기 때문에 대표들이 서울을 떠나기 전에 결정해야 했다. 동의 이렇게 수정된 의사일정은 채택됐다. 서기인 리유(중국)는 그가 제2장의 개요를 회람시켰기 때문에 캐나다 대표가 자신의 개요를 제출했다고 말했다. 그는 그것을 충분히 고려하고 기초위원회가 소집될 때 다음 개요에 대해 패터슨이 제기한 사항들을 포함해야 할 것이다. 그는 다른 위원들도 자신들의 견해를 제출할 것으로 기대했다. 폴 봉쿨(프랑스)은 프랑스 대표단의 견해를 쉽게 삽입시킨 틀에 대해 리유에게 감사했다. 싱(인도)은 개요는 한국의 상황과 관련해 중요한 측면을 담아야 한다고 생각했다. 다시 말해 선거에 반대했던 정당들과의 합의를 도출하기 위한 국회의 노력이나 노력 부족 등을 담아야 한다고 생각했다. 또 다른 사항은 국가의 통일에 관한 국회의 노력을 다뤄야 한다는 것이다. 이런 사항들은 개요의 제2절에서 취급될 것이다. 리유(중국)는 인도대표가 제기한 두 번째 사항은 이미 제3절 C소절에서 다뤘다고 생각했다. 패터슨(캐나다)은 서기에게 제출했던 개요에 대해 언급했다. 그는 ‘현 정부의 안정’에 관한 조항을 포함시켰다. 이것은 제3절 A소절 아래 다뤄질 것이다. 그는 또 선거의 불만을 다룰 필요성을 지적했다. 그리고 그는 제주도에서의 선거연기와 같은 사건들이 보고서에 언급돼야 한다고 생각했다. 그의 개요에는 보고서에 포함돼야 하는 일부 기타 항목을 언급한 것을 추가로 강조했다. 가령 이런 항목에는 헌법 공포와 같은 기능에 대한 위원단의 태도, 대통령 취임식 및 한국 정부 공포 등이다. 싱(인도)은 보고서의 지속성을 유지하기 위해 제2장은 개요의 제2절로 시작해야 한다고 말했다. 개관의 A와 B소절에서 다룬 주제들은 이미 보고서의 다른 문항에서 취급했다. 개관의 C소절에 관해 다소 제4장의 결론의 주제형태를 띠어야 한다. 그는 제2장의 자료들이 너무 방대할 것이기에 제2장을 2개장으로 나누는 것이 바람직하다고 생각했다. 리유(중국)는 인도대표와 견해를 교환했다. 개관의 C소절은 결론부분에 포함될 것이다. A와 B소절에 관해 그는 단지 독자들을 위해 이전 장들과 제2장을 연계할 몇몇 도입부 문장을 마음 속에 두고 있다. (중략) 회의는 낮 12시 15분에 폐회했다. (중략) 제79차 본회의, 1948년 7월 9일 금요일 오전 10시부터 오후 1시까지. 서울 *1948년 7월 10일자 유엔한국임시위원단 A/AC.19/SR.79, 대외비 (의장: 발레(엘살바도르) (중략) 제37항 폴 봉쿨(프랑스)은 선거감시 전기간에 관한 문제 제기를 원했다. 단지 제37항에서 극좌의 파괴활동이 언급됐다. 그러나 이들 파괴활동은 선거등록기간에 한정된 것이 아니라 전체 선거기간 전과 선거기간을 다뤘다. 그는 모든 선거과정을 다루기 위해 제37항을 전개하거나 제2, 제3감시여행과 관련해 새로운 항목을 삽입할 것이 필수 불가결하다고 생각했다. 그는 향후 단계에서 한국의 일부 지역에서는 상황이 아주 심각하며 제주도에서는 내전상황에 직면했었다고 상기시켰다. 그러므로 그는 이들 항목을 다시 고쳐 쓰고 궁극적으로는 새로운 항목을 삽입하기 위해 기초소위원회에서 언급할 것을 제안했다. 리유(중국)는 그 문제가 이전에 토론됐을 때 기초소위원회는 전체 선거기간에 일어났던 사건들에 관해 미국 연락장교의 공식 정보를 활용할 것을 요청했었다고 상기했다. (중략) 제84차 본회의 1948년 7월 17일 토요일 오전 10시 30분부터 오후 1시 10분까지. 서울 *1948년 7월 19일자 유엔한국임시위원단 A/AC.19/SR.84, 대외비 (의장: 폴 봉쿨(프랑스)) 참석: 제이미슨(A. B. Jameison, 오스트레일리아) 리유(중국) 쑤투(SSUTU, 중국) 왕(Wang, 중국) 발레(엘살바도르) 마네(프랑스) 싱(인도) 루나(필리핀 공화국) 제1주제: 제6장(<첨부문서> 제174호) 제6장 주제가 채택됐다. 제6장 소주제를 바꾸기로 결정했다. 개관: “(선거의 기술적 측면)” 이렇게 해서 수정된 소제목이 채택됐다. 제1항목 앞의 소제목이 채택됐다. 다음: 제1~4항이 채택됐다. 다음과 같이 제5항에 주석을 달기로 결정했다. 즉 “제4장, 제1~제12항” 이렇게 해서 수정된 제5항이 채택됐다. 제6~9항이 채택됐다. 폴 봉쿨(프랑스) 의장의 제안으로 제10항 앞에 다음과 같은 소제목을 집어넣기로 결정했다. 즉 “한국의 상황 배경”이다. 제10~15항이 채택됐다. 제이미슨(오스트레일리아)은 제16항에서 문장순서를 배열하는데만 합의했다고 상기시켰다. 그러나 그는 마지막 문장이 새롭지만 보다 모호하다고 지적했다. 마네(프랑스)는 마지막 문장은 한국에서의 일부 민주개혁을 위한 미국 당국의 노력을 믿기 위해 프랑스 대표단의 제안을 덧붙였었다고 설명했다. 리유(중국)는 제4장이 이미 미국 활동을 언급하고 있다고 상기시켰다. 제4장의 관련 항목에 덧붙여 마지막 문장에 주석을 달기로 결정했다. ‘such’와 ‘information’ 단어 사이에 ‘fragmentary’를 삽입하고 4번째 문장의 ‘from Seoul’ 단어를 삭제하기로 추가 결정했다. 이렇게 해서 수정된 제16항이 채택됐다. 제17항이 채택됐다. 제이미슨(오스트레일리아)의 제안에 따라 제18항의 첫 문장에서 단어 ‘quarters’ 대신에 ‘elements’로 바꾸고, 마지막 문장에서 단어 ‘of’ 대신에 ‘at’으로 바꾸기로 결정했다. 이렇게 해서 수정된 제18항이 채택됐다. 제19항이 채택됐다. 제20항 앞의 소제목을 ‘선거의 문제’로 바꿔야 한다고 결정했다. 이렇게 해서 수정된 소제목이 채택됐다. 제20항 앞의 두 번째 소제목 ‘자유 분위기’는 삭제됐다. 왕(중국)은 ‘선거의 문제’의 전체 항과 관련해 소위원회는 가능한 한 잭슨(Jackson)의 비망록(<첨부문서> 제166~167호)을 심사숙고하려고 했다고 말했다. 새 항목인 제20항은 특히 잭슨이 사회를 본 제2소위원회가 한 업무의 내용을 강조하기 위해 추가됐었다. 제이미슨(오스트레일리아)은 이와 관련해 소위원회의 노력에 감사를 표했다. 폴 봉쿨(프랑스) 의장은 제32항 앞의 소제목은 다음과 같이 수정할 것을 제안했다. 즉 ‘1948년 5‧10선거의 감시’이다. 동의. 이렇게 해서 수정된 소제목이 채택됐다. 마네(프랑스)는 제33항 앞의 소제목을 다음과 같이 수정할 것을 제안했다. 즉 ‘유권자 등록(제1감시여행)’이다. 동의. 이렇게 해서 수정된 소제목이 채택됐다. 제33~37항이 채택됐다. 왕(중국), 제이미슨(오스트레일리아) 마네(프랑스) 발레(엘살바도르) 의장(폴 봉쿨, 프랑스)이 참가한 토론이 끝난 뒤 제38항을 다음과 같이 바꾸기로 했다. “극좌분자들이 선거반대운동에 자신들의 강력한 투쟁을 집중시키고 있는 것으로 생각됐는데, 그러한 대부분의 반대투쟁은 폭력적인 것이었다. 선거관리위원회, 선거관리위원, 유권자들에 대한 위협뿐 아니라 투표명부가 도난 당하거나 불타고 선거등록사무소가 방화됐으며 선거등록과 관련된 사람들이 다치거나 살해된 사례들이 가끔 있었다. 이러한 반대운동에 관해서는 물론 선거 집행요원들의 보고서에 의해 과장된 사례가 있었으나 선거기간 내내 지속됐다. 2월 7일부터 5월 9일까지 폭력행위로 245명이 숨지고 559명이 다친 것으로 나타났다. 이와 비슷하게 선거 당일에는 44명이 숨지고 62명이 다쳤다. 운송과 통신수단이 많은 지역에서 파괴됐다. 그러나 이러한 협박과 폭력행위가 전적으로 국민의 지지를 받은 것은 아니다. 정세가 상당히 혼란스러운 북제주군을 제외하고는 선거인 등록은 선거준비 절차에 따라 정당하게 끝났다.” 이렇게 해서 수정된 제38항이 채택됐다. 제39항 앞의 소제목이 채택됐다. 제39, 제40항이 채택됐다. 싱(인도)은 제81차 회의에서 현재의 제41항인 제40항을 토론했었다고 언급했다. 그는 기초위원회가 심사숙고한 수정안을 제안했었다고 상기시켰다. 그러나 마지막 문장은 내용을 변경하기 위해 수정됐었다. 그는 다음과 같이 문장을 수정할 것을 제안했다. 즉 “선거에 반대하는 당의 견해를 모르지 않는 유권자들은 후보자 자신들에 의해 어떻게 단결하고 독립을 얻을 것인지에 관한 문제에 거의 직면하지 않은 것처럼 보였다.” 리유(중국)는 기초소위위원회의 초안이나 인도 대표의 수정안에 만족하지 않았다. 후보자가 단결과 독립을 획득하는 방법에 관한 문제를 유권자와 토의하지 않았을 지라도 유권자들은 충분히 이 문제를 알고 있다. 의장 폴 봉쿨의 제안에 따라 추가 재초안작업을 위해 기초위원회에 제41항을 언급하기로 결정됐다. (제41항과 관련한 회의 요약기록 주석은 제41항에 대한 싱의 수정안이 줄곧 미국에 우호적 입장을 보여온 리유의 입장에 맞지 않음을 보여줬다. 그러나 이날 진행과정에 대한 폴 봉쿨의 요약에서 그는 싱의 제41항 재작성은 패터슨의 영향력을 줄인다고 언급했다. 바꿔 말해 그는 이를 친미로 만들었다. 설명은 CEFPI(중국, 엘살바도르, 프랑스, 필리핀열도)블록의 견해에 우호적인지 아닌지에 관해 리유와 폴 봉쿨의 입장과 차이가 있다. (중략) 2. 1947년 11월 14일의 유엔결의안 제2의 제4항목의 이행 (중략) 선거부정행위에 관한 소송과 불만 소송 제8장(선거 관련 소송)과 1948년 3월 17일의 주한미군정청 법령 제175호(<첨부문서> 제115호)에 의해 수립된 선거재심위원회에 앞서 국회 12석이 낙선후보에 의해 이의 제기됐다. 포함된 후보와 선거구는 다음과 같다. *당선자, (2) 차점자, (3) 3위 득표자 , (4) 4위 득표자 제주4‧3사건자료집 8 [미국자료편② 영인본]
S E C R E T 3 August 1948 SUBJECT: Report of U.S. Liaison Officer With the United Nations Temporary Commission on Korea (UNTCOK). TO: Commanding General, United States Army Forces in Korea, APO 235. 1. On 7 June 1948 there was forwarded copies Nos. 1 to 14, inclusive, of a report entitled "Observation of Election in South Korea of Korean Representatives Which Shall Constitute a National Assembly and Establish a Government of Korea Under Resolutions Adopted by UN General Assembly on 14 November 1947 and Participation of United States Army Forces in Korea Therein, 14 November 1947 to _____ 1948". The report was forwarded without Chapter IV (Establishment of Korean Government and UNTCOK Participation Therein) in order to make it available as early as possible. 2. Chapter IV has now been completed and Copies Nos. 1 to 14 inclusive (with inclosures and photographs), are transmitted for distribution as recommended below: State Department 4 Department of the Army 3 Joint Chiefs of Staff 1 Central Intelligence Group 1 Far Eastern Command 1 XXIV Corps 2 USAFIK 1 USAMGIK 1 3. Chapter V (Implementation of Paragraph 4, Part II of UN Resolution of 14 November 1947) has been added to the report and will be forwarded at a later date. John Weckerling JOHN WECKERLING Brigadier General, U.S.A. Incls Copies 1-14, inclusive. <첨부문서> 목차 SECTION IV - ESTABLISHMENT OF THE KOREAN GOVERNMENT AND UNTCOK PARTICIPATION THEREIN <첨부4> 제202B호 / 제98차 회의 요약 기록 등(1948. 8. 25) SECRET RESTRICTED United Nations Nations Unies GENERAL ASSEMBLEE A/AC.19/SR.98 ASSEMBLY GENERALE 25 August 1948 ORIGINAL: ENGLISH UNITED NATIONS TEMPORARY COMMISSION ON KOREA SUMMARY RECORD OF THE NINETY-EIGHTH MEETING Duk Soo Palace, Seoul, Tuesday, 24 August 1948, at 10.30 a.m. Chairman: Mr. R. LUNA (Philippine Republic) Present: Canada Mr. PATTERSON China Mr. LIU El Salvador Mr. VALLE France Mr. PAUL-BONCOUR India Mr. SINGH ADOPTION OF THE AGENDA (document A/AC.19/Agenda 98) Mr. PAUL-BONCOUR (France) recalled that at the ninety-fifth meeting, the Commission had approved three additional paragraphs, namely: 105, 106 and 107 to be inserted at the end of Chapter V of the First Part of the Report. The addition of those paragraphs to the First Part of the Report made it superfluous to maintain the first eight paragraphs in section A of Chapter I of the Second Part. Since the Commission should take a decision on that matter, he suggested adding as item 3 of the agenda: "Reconsideration of Section A of Chapter I of the Second Part of the Report". Agreed. Mr. PATTERSON (Canada) suggested that "Consideration of the convening of the Drafting Committee" be added as item 4. That question should be decided before members left Seoul, since the chairmanship of the Commission would change between the time the members left Korea and the time they arrived in New York. S E C R E T 3 August 1948 SUBJECT: Report of U.S. Liaison Officer With the United Nations Temporary Commission on Korea (UNTCOK). TO: Commanding General, United States Army Forces in Korea, APO 235. 1. On 7 June 1948 there was forwarded copies Nos. 1 to 14, inclusive, of a report entitled "Observation of Election in South Korea of Korean Representatives Which Shall Constitute a National Assembly and Establish a Government of Korea Under Resolutions Adopted by UN General Assembly on 14 November 1947 and Participation of United States Army Forces in Korea Therein, 14 November 1947 to _____ 1948". The report was forwarded without Chapter IV (Establishment of Korean Government and UNTCOK Participation Therein) in order to make it available as early as possible. 2. Chapter IV has now been completed and Copies Nos. 1 to 14 inclusive (with inclosures and photographs), are transmitted for distribution as recommended below: State Department 4 Department of the Army 3 Joint Chiefs of Staff 1 Central Intelligence Group 1 Far Eastern Command 1 XXIV Corps 2 USAFIK 1 USAMGIK 1 3. Chapter V (Implementation of Paragraph 4, Part II of UN Resolution of 14 November 1947) has been added to the report and will be forwarded at a later date. John Weckerling JOHN WECKERLING Brigadier General, U.S.A. Incls Copies 1-14, inclusive. <첨부문서> 목차 SECTION IV - ESTABLISHMENT OF THE KOREAN GOVERNMENT AND UNTCOK PARTICIPATION THEREIN <첨부4> 제202B호 / 제98차 회의 요약 기록 등(1948. 8. 25) --- SECRET RESTRICTED United Nations Nations Unies GENERAL ASSEMBLEE A/AC.19/SR.98 ASSEMBLY GENERALE 25 August 1948 ORIGINAL: ENGLISH UNITED NATIONS TEMPORARY COMMISSION ON KOREA SUMMARY RECORD OF THE NINETY-EIGHTH MEETING Duk Soo Palace, Seoul, Tuesday, 24 August 1948, at 10.30 a.m. Chairman: Mr. R. LUNA (Philippine Republic) Present: Canada Mr. PATTERSON China Mr. LIU El Salvador Mr. VALLE France Mr. PAUL-BONCOUR India Mr. SINGH ADOPTION OF THE AGENDA (document A/AC.19/Agenda 98) Mr. PAUL-BONCOUR (France) recalled that at the ninety-fifth meeting, the Commission had approved three additional paragraphs, namely: 105, 106 and 107 to be inserted at the end of Chapter V of the First Part of the Report. The addition of those paragraphs to the First Part of the Report made it superfluous to maintain the first eight paragraphs in section A of Chapter I of the Second Part. Since the Commission should take a decision on that matter, he suggested adding as item 3 of the agenda: "Reconsideration of Section A of Chapter I of the Second Part of the Report". Agreed. Mr. PATTERSON (Canada) suggested that "Consideration of the convening of the Drafting Committee" be added as item 4. That question should be decided before members left Seoul, since the chairmanship of the Commission would change between the time the members left Korea and the time they arrived in New York. Agreed. The agenda thus amended was adopted. CONSIDERATION OF THE PROVISIONAL OUTLINE OF THE CONTENTS OF CHAPTER II OF THE SECOND PART OF THE REPORT TO THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY Mr. LIU (China), Rapporteur, said that since he had circulated his outline of Chapter II, the Canadian representative had submitted his own outline. He would take it in due consideration and would include the points raised by Mr. Patterson in the next outline at the time the Drafting Committee met. He expected that other members would also submit their views. Mr. PAUL-BONCOUR (France) thanked Mr. Liu for the framework he had presented within which the views of the French delegation might easily be inserted. Mr. SINGH (India) thought that the outline should include an important aspect in connexion with the situation in Korea, namely the attempt, or the lack of attempt, of the National Assembly to come to an agreement with parties which had opposed the elections. Another item which should be covered was the attempt of the Assembly towards the unification of the country, Those points might be dealt with under Section II of the outline. Mr. LIU (China) thought that the second point raised by the Indian representative was already covered by Sub-Section C of Section III. Mr. PATTERSON (Canada) referred to the outline he had submitted to the Rapporteur. He had included provisions with regard to the "stability of the present Government", which might be covered under Sub-Section A of Section III. He had also pointed out the necessity to deal with the electoral complaints; he considered that reference should be made in the Report to incidents such as the postponement of elections in Cheju Island. He further stressed that his outline referred to some other items which should be included in the Report, as for instance, the attitude of the Commission towards such functions as the proclamation of the Constitution, the inauguration of the President and the proclamation of the Korean Government. Mr. SINGH (India) considered that in order to maintain continuity in the Report, Chapter II should start with Section II of the outline. The subjects covered by Sub-Sections A and B of the Introduction, had already been dealt with in other paragraphs of the Report; as to Sub-Section C of the Introduction, it should rather form the subject of the Conclusions, under Section IV. He further felt that the material for Chapter II might be bulky and it might be found advisable to divide Chapter II into two separate chapters. Mr. LIU (China) shared the view of the Indian representative. Sub-Section C of the Introduction might be included in the Conclusions. As to Sub-Sections A and B, he had only in mind some few introductory sentences which would link Chapter II with the preceding chapters, for the sake of the reader. The meeting rose at 12.15 p.m. 79th PLENARY SESSION*, Seoul, 1000 to 1300 Hours, Friday, 9 July 1948 *UNTCOK Restricted Document A/AC.19/SR.79, dated 10 July 1948 (Chairman: Mr. Valle (El Salvador)) Paragraph 37 Mr. Paul-Boncour (France) wanted to raise a question with regard to the whole period of the observation of elections. Only in paragraph 37 reference was made to the subversive activities of the Extreme-Left. However, those activities had not been limited to the period of registration, but had covered the whole pre-electoral and electoral periods. He considered it indispensable either to develop paragraph 37, to cover all stages of elections, or to insert new paragraphs in connexion with the second and third observation tours. He recalled that at those later stages, the situation had been quite serious in some parts of Korea, and on Cheju Island it had been on the verge of civil war. He suggested therefore that those paragraphs be referred to the Drafting Subcommittee for redrafting and, eventually for inserting new paragraphs. Mr. Liu (China) recalled that when that question had been discussed previously, the Drafting Subcommittee had been asked to make use of the official information of the United States Agreed. The agenda thus amended was adopted. CONSIDERATION OF THE PROVISIONAL OUTLINE OF THE CONTENTS OF CHAPTER II OF THE SECOND PART OF THE REPORT TO THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY Mr. LIU (China), Rapporteur, said that since he had circulated his outline of Chapter II, the Canadian representative had submitted his own outline. He would take it in due consideration and would include the points raised by Mr. Patterson in the next outline at the time the Drafting Committee met. He expected that other members would also submit their views. Mr. PAUL-BONCOUR (France) thanked Mr. Liu for the framework he had presented within which the views of the French delegation might easily be inserted. Mr. SINGH (India) thought that the outline should include an important aspect in connexion with the situation in Korea, namely the attempt, or the lack of attempt, of the National Assembly to come to an agreement with parties which had opposed the elections. Another item which should be covered was the attempt of the Assembly towards the unification of the country, Those points might be dealt with under Section II of the outline. Mr. LIU (China) thought that the second point raised by the Indian representative was already covered by Sub-Section C of Section III. Mr. PATTERSON (Canada) referred to the outline he had submitted to the Rapporteur. He had included provisions with regard to the "stability of the present Government", which might be covered under Sub-Section A of Section III. He had also pointed out the necessity to deal with the electoral complaints; he considered that reference should be made in the Report to incidents such as the postponement of elections in Cheju Island. He further stressed that his outline referred to some other items which should be included in the Report, as for instance, the attitude of the Commission towards such functions as the proclamation of the Constitution, the inauguration of the President and the proclamation of the Korean Government. Mr. SINGH (India) considered that in order to maintain continuity in the Report, Chapter II should start with Section II of the outline. The subjects covered by Sub-Sections A and B of the Introduction, had already been dealt with in other paragraphs of the Report; as to Sub-Section C of the Introduction, it should rather form the subject of the Conclusions, under Section IV. He further felt that the material for Chapter II might be bulky and it might be found advisable to divide Chapter II into two separate chapters. Mr. LIU (China) shared the view of the Indian representative. Sub-Section C of the Introduction might be included in the Conclusions. As to Sub-Sections A and B, he had only in mind some few introductory sentences which would link Chapter II with the preceding chapters, for the sake of the reader. The meeting rose at 12.15 p.m. 79th PLENARY SESSION*, Seoul, 1000 to 1300 Hours, Friday, 9 July 1948 *UNTCOK Restricted Document A/AC.19/SR.79, dated 10 July 1948 (Chairman: Mr. Valle (El Salvador)) Paragraph 37 Mr. Paul-Boncour (France) wanted to raise a question with regard to the whole period of the observation of elections. Only in paragraph 37 reference was made to the subversive activities of the Extreme-Left. However, those activities had not been limited to the period of registration, but had covered the whole pre-electoral and electoral periods. He considered it indispensable either to develop paragraph 37, to cover all stages of elections, or to insert new paragraphs in connexion with the second and third observation tours. He recalled that at those later stages, the situation had been quite serious in some parts of Korea, and on Cheju Island it had been on the verge of civil war. He suggested therefore that those paragraphs be referred to the Drafting Subcommittee for redrafting and, eventually for inserting new paragraphs. Mr. Liu (China) recalled that when that question had been discussed previously, the Drafting Subcommittee had been asked to make use of the official information of the United States Liaison Officer on the incidents which had taken place during the whole electoral period. 84th PLENARY SESSION, Seoul, 1030 to 1310 Hours, Saturday, 17 July 1948. *UNTCOK Restricted Document A/AC.19/SR.84, dated 19 July 1948. (Chairman: Mr. Paul-Boncour (France)) Present: Mr. Jamieson (Australia) Mr. Liu (China) Mr. Ssutu (China) Mr. Wang (China) Mr. Valle (El Salvador) Mr. Manet (France) Mr. Singh (India) Mr. Luna (Philippine Republic) First Subject: Chapter VI (Inclosure No. 174) The title of Chapter VI was adopted. It was decided to change the subtitle of Chapter VI into: "(Technical Aspects of the Elections)". The subtitle thus amended was adopted. The subtitle in front of Paragraph 1 was adopted. Paragraphs 1 to 4 were adopted. It was decided to add a foot-note to paragraph 5 as follows: "See Chapter IV, paragraphs 1 - 12". Paragraph 5 thus amended was adopted. Paragraphs 6 to 9 were adopted. On the suggestion of the Chairman, Mr. Paul-Boncour (France), it was decided to insert in front of paragraph 10 the following subtitle: "The Background of the situation in Korea." Paragraphs 10 to 15 were adopted. Mr. Jamieson (Australia) recalled that it had been agreed only to rearrange the order of sentences in paragraph 16; he noted, however, that the last sentence was new and rather vague. Mr. Manet (France) explained that the last sentence had been added on the suggestion of the French delegation in order to give credit to the efforts of the United States authorities for introducing some democratic reforms in Korea. Mr. Liu (China) recalled that Chapter IV already referred to the United States activities. It was decided to add a foot-note to the last sentence, with reference to relevant paragraphs of Chapter IV. It was further decided to insert the word "fragmentary" between the words "such" and "information", and delete the words "from Seoul" in the fourth sentence. Paragraph 16 thus amended was adopted. Paragraph 17 was adopted. On the suggestion of Mr. Jamieson (Australia), it was decided to substitute the word "elements" for "quarters" in the first sentence, and the word "at" for "of" in the last sentence of paragraph 18. Paragraph 18 thus amended was adopted. Paragraph 19 was adopted. It was decided that the subtitle in front of paragraph 20 should be changed into "Problems of the Elections". The subtitle thus amended was adopted. The second subtitle "Freedom of Atmosphere" in front of paragraph 20 was deleted. Mr. Wang (China) said, with reference to the whole section of "Problems of the Elections", that the Subcommittee had tried to take into consideration, as far as possible, the memoranda of Mr. Jackson (Inclosure Nos. 166-167). A new paragraph, paragraph 20, had been added to stress expecially the substance of the work done by Subcommittee II over which Mr. Jackson had presided. Mr. Jamieson (Australia) thanked the Subcommittee for its efforts in this connection. The Chairman, Mr. Paul-Boncour (France), suggested to amend the subtitle in front of paragraph 32 as follows: Liaison Officer on the incidents which had taken place during the whole electoral period. 84th PLENARY SESSION, Seoul, 1030 to 1310 Hours, Saturday, 17 July 1948. *UNTCOK Restricted Document A/AC.19/SR.84, dated 19 July 1948. (Chairman: Mr. Paul-Boncour (France)) Present: Mr. Jamieson (Australia) Mr. Liu (China) Mr. Ssutu (China) Mr. Wang (China) Mr. Valle (El Salvador) Mr. Manet (France) Mr. Singh (India) Mr. Luna (Philippine Republic) First Subject: Chapter VI (Inclosure No. 174) The title of Chapter VI was adopted. It was decided to change the subtitle of Chapter VI into: "(Technical Aspects of the Elections)". The subtitle thus amended was adopted. The subtitle in front of Paragraph 1 was adopted. Paragraphs 1 to 4 were adopted. It was decided to add a foot-note to paragraph 5 as follows: "See Chapter IV, paragraphs 1 - 12". Paragraph 5 thus amended was adopted. Paragraphs 6 to 9 were adopted. On the suggestion of the Chairman, Mr. Paul-Boncour (France), it was decided to insert in front of paragraph 10 the following subtitle: "The Background of the situation in Korea." Paragraphs 10 to 15 were adopted. Mr. Jamieson (Australia) recalled that it had been agreed only to rearrange the order of sentences in paragraph 16; he noted, however, that the last sentence was new and rather vague. Mr. Manet (France) explained that the last sentence had been added on the suggestion of the French delegation in order to give credit to the efforts of the United States authorities for introducing some democratic reforms in Korea. Mr. Liu (China) recalled that Chapter IV already referred to the United States activities. It was decided to add a foot-note to the last sentence, with reference to relevant paragraphs of Chapter IV. It was further decided to insert the word "fragmentary" between the words "such" and "information", and delete the words "from Seoul" in the fourth sentence. Paragraph 16 thus amended was adopted. Paragraph 17 was adopted. On the suggestion of Mr. Jamieson (Australia), it was decided to substitute the word "elements" for "quarters" in the first sentence, and the word "at" for "of" in the last sentence of paragraph 18. Paragraph 18 thus amended was adopted. Paragraph 19 was adopted. It was decided that the subtitle in front of paragraph 20 should be changed into "Problems of the Elections". The subtitle thus amended was adopted. The second subtitle "Freedom of Atmosphere" in front of paragraph 20 was deleted. Mr. Wang (China) said, with reference to the whole section of "Problems of the Elections", that the Subcommittee had tried to take into consideration, as far as possible, the memoranda of Mr. Jackson (Inclosure Nos. 166-167). A new paragraph, paragraph 20, had been added to stress expecially the substance of the work done by Subcommittee II over which Mr. Jackson had presided. Mr. Jamieson (Australia) thanked the Subcommittee for its efforts in this connection. The Chairman, Mr. Paul-Boncour (France), suggested to amend the subtitle in front of paragraph 32 as follows: "Observation of the Elections of 10 May 1948". Agreed. The subtitle thus amended was adopted. Mr. Manet (France) suggested to amend the title in front of paragraph 33 as follows: "Registration of the Electorate (First Observation Tour)". Agreed. The subtitle thus amended was adopted. Paragraphs 33 to 37 were adopted. After discussion in which Mr. Wang (China), Mr. Jamieson (Australia), Mr. Manet (France), Mr. Valle (El Salvador) and the Chairman (Mr. Paul-Boncour, France) took part, it was decided to amend paragraph 38 as follows: "The Extreme-Left seemed to have confined themselves mostly to conduct a vigourous campaign of anti-election activities, many of which were of a violent nature. In addition to threats to members of the election committees, registration officials and voters, there were scattered instances of poll registers being stolen or burnt, registration offices being set on fire and persons associated with registration being wounded or murdered. These activities - exaggerated in some instances by the law-enforcement officers in their reports - were continued throughout the election period. From 7 February to 9 May inclusive, acts of violence resulted in 245 persons being killed and 559 wounded. Similarly, in election day itself, 44 persons were killed and 62 wounded. Means of transportation and communication were disrupted in a number of places. Those threats and acts of violence, however, were not as a whole supported by the people. With the exception of North Cheju Gun, where the situation was rather confused, registration was duly completed in accordance with the electoral provisions." Paragraph 38 thus amended was adopted. The subtitle in front of paragraph 39 was adopted. Paragraphs 39 and 40 were adopted. Mr. Singh (India) referred to the discussion at the eighty-first meeting on what had been paragraph 40 and was at present paragraph 42. He recalled that he had proposed an amendment which had been taken into consideration by the Drafting Subcommittee. However, the last sentence had been modified so as to change its substance. He suggested to amend that sentence as follows: "The electorate who were not unaware of the views of the parties opposed to the elections, rarely seemed to have been confronted by the candidates themselves with issues as to how unity and independence were to be attained." Mr. Liu (China) was not satisfied either with the draft of the Drafting Subcommittee or the amendment of the Indian representative. Although the candidate had not discussed with the electorate issues as to how unity and independence were to be attained, the latter had been fully aware of them. On Mr. Paul-Boncour's (France), Chairman, suggestion, it was decided to refer paragraph 41 to the Drafting Subcommittee for further redrafting. (In regard to paragraph 41 the notes of the summary record of the meeting show that Singh's amendment to paragraph 41 did not meet with the favor of Liu whose position has been consistently favorable to the U.S. But in Paul-Boncour's summation of the day's proceedings he stated that Singh's rewrite of paragraph 41 had lessened the Patterson influence--in other words, had made it pro-U.S. The explanation is a difference in opinion of Liu and Paul-Boncour as to what was or was not "favorable" to the viewpoint of the CEFPI (China, El Salvador, France, Philippine Islands) bloc.) SECTION V - IMPLEMENTATION OF PARAGRAPH 4, PART II OF UN RESOLUTION OF 14 NOVEMBER 1947. 6. Litigation and Complaints of Election Irregularities. a. Litigation. Twelve (12) seats in the National Assembly were contested by defeated candidates before the Election Review Board which was established by Chapter VIII (Litigation concerning elections), USAMGIK Ordinance 175 of 17 March 1948 (Inclosure No. 115). The candidates and districts involved were: "Observation of the Elections of 10 May 1948". Agreed. The subtitle thus amended was adopted. Mr. Manet (France) suggested to amend the title in front of paragraph 33 as follows: "Registration of the Electorate (First Observation Tour)". Agreed. The subtitle thus amended was adopted. Paragraphs 33 to 37 were adopted. After discussion in which Mr. Wang (China), Mr. Jamieson (Australia), Mr. Manet (France), Mr. Valle (El Salvador) and the Chairman (Mr. Paul-Boncour, France) took part, it was decided to amend paragraph 38 as follows: "The Extreme-Left seemed to have confined themselves mostly to conduct a vigourous campaign of anti-election activities, many of which were of a violent nature. In addition to threats to members of the election committees, registration officials and voters, there were scattered instances of poll registers being stolen or burnt, registration offices being set on fire and persons associated with registration being wounded or murdered. These activities - exaggerated in some instances by the law-enforcement officers in their reports - were continued throughout the election period. From 7 February to 9 May inclusive, acts of violence resulted in 245 persons being killed and 559 wounded. Similarly, in election day itself, 44 persons were killed and 62 wounded. Means of transportation and communication were disrupted in a number of places. Those threats and acts of violence, however, were not as a whole supported by the people. With the exception of North Cheju Gun, where the situation was rather confused, registration was duly completed in accordance with the electoral provisions." Paragraph 38 thus amended was adopted. The subtitle in front of paragraph 39 was adopted. Paragraphs 39 and 40 were adopted. Mr. Singh (India) referred to the discussion at the eighty-first meeting on what had been paragraph 40 and was at present paragraph 42. He recalled that he had proposed an amendment which had been taken into consideration by the Drafting Subcommittee. However, the last sentence had been modified so as to change its substance. He suggested to amend that sentence as follows: "The electorate who were not unaware of the views of the parties opposed to the elections, rarely seemed to have been confronted by the candidates themselves with issues as to how unity and independence were to be attained." Mr. Liu (China) was not satisfied either with the draft of the Drafting Subcommittee or the amendment of the Indian representative. Although the candidate had not discussed with the electorate issues as to how unity and independence were to be attained, the latter had been fully aware of them. On Mr. Paul-Boncour's (France), Chairman, suggestion, it was decided to refer paragraph 41 to the Drafting Subcommittee for further redrafting. (In regard to paragraph 41 the notes of the summary record of the meeting show that Singh's amendment to paragraph 41 did not meet with the favor of Liu whose position has been consistently favorable to the U.S. But in Paul-Boncour's summation of the day's proceedings he stated that Singh's rewrite of paragraph 41 had lessened the Patterson influence--in other words, had made it pro-U.S. The explanation is a difference in opinion of Liu and Paul-Boncour as to what was or was not "favorable" to the viewpoint of the CFFPI (China, El Salvador, France, Philippine Islands) bloc.) SECTION V - IMPLEMENTATION OF PARAGRAPH 4, PART II OF UN RESOLUTION OF 14 NOVEMBER 1947. 6. Litigation and Complaints of Election Irregularities. a. Litigation. Twelve (12) seats in the National Assembly were contested by defeated candidates before the Election Review Board which was established by Chapter VIII (Litigation concerning elections), USAMGIK Ordinance 175 of 17 March 1948 (Inclosure No. 115). The candidates and districts involved were: Electoral Districts Complainants Defendants Disposition 1. Mil-Yang (b) KIM Tai-Won *PARK-Hai-Kok Under inves- Kyung Sang Nam Do Agent of CHOI 19,636 votes tigation Sung Koon (2) 6,248 votes 2. Puk Che Ju (a) YANG Kiu Chin KIM Yong Mu Rejected Che Ju Do 30 July 48 3. Pu San Pu (b) KIM Kook Tai *HUH Chung Under inves- Kyung Sang Nam Do (2) 671 votes 21,390 votes tigation 4. Tong Yung (a) SUH Sang Kyung *KIM Jai Hak Under inves- Kyung Sang Nam Do (2) 63 votes 17,351 votes tigation 5. Hai Nam (a) YUN Yung Sun *SONG Bong Hai Under inves- Chul Rah Nam Do (2) 292 votes 17,192 votes tigation 6. Ik San (b) KIM Dai Hi (2) *LEE Moon Woon Under inves- Chul Rah Puk Do 3,375 votes 11,539 votes tigation 7. Chun Choo Pu LEE Chul Sung *SHIN Sung Keun Under inves- Chul Rah Puk Do (2) 2,611 votes 10,737 votes tigation 8. Dong Dai (a) CHOI Nung Chin Under inves- Moon Koo, Seoul ("Danny") tigation 9. Puk Che Ju (b) YANG Byung Jik Rejected Che Ju Do 30 July 48 10. Rah Choo (a) PARK Hun Chin *LEE Hang Bal Under inves- Chul Rah Nam Do (3) 17,629 votes 21,322 votes tigation 11. Ron San (a) HAN Chang Suk *YU Chin Hong Under inves- Choon Chung Nam Do (4) 3,075 votes 10,720 votes tigation 12. Ye Ju CHO Yong Tak Under inves- Kyunggi Do (2) tigation *Successful Candidate (2) Second Highest Candidate (3) Third Highest Candidate (4) Fourth Highest Candidate • 찾아보기
출처: 제주4·3사건진상규명및희생자명예회복위원회 편, 『제주4·3사건자료집 8』 [미국자료편], 번역문 p.241 / 원문 p.449–458.