1948년 8월의 경찰 특별경계

7 August 1948 SUBJECT: Special Police Precautions during August, 1948 TO: Chiefs of All Divisions FROM: Director, Department of Police 1. As was brought out at the conference of the Chiefs of the Intelligence Section of All Divisions on 5 August 1948, it seems certain that the South Korea Labor Party is promoting plans to cause rioting on a large scale. The preservation of continued peaceful conditions during the next several weeks is the responsibility of the National Police and it is an opportunity to sum-up and emphasize the results of our past endeavors. Therefore, you are directed to enforce the following measures in regulating and maintaining "Peace and Order" within your Divisions — tempering them only, when emergency measures are necessary to properly control an unforseen situation, or are necessary to encourage and spur your men to greater efforts. ISSUANCE OF PROCLAMATION Proclamations should be issued in the name of the Chief of the Division to inform all people of the possible internal and international complexities attendant to the establishment of the new government and to calm their feelings — next to warn subversive elements, previous to any action on their part, that peace and order will be maintained and that unlawful acts will be punished. REPORTS During the period from 13 August to 18 August, and again from 23 August to 28 August, a detailed report will be made covering activities of the stations of each Division. Such reports will be made by radio at 12:00, 18:00 and 24:00 hours. INTELLIGENCE Intelligence work must be emphasized during the entire period, and information must be transmitted as expeditiously, at all levels, as possible. PERSONNEL Individual police must be directed to carry out their duty to the best of their ability. They must be encouraged in their work and their morale held at a high level, and they must be assured that their positions are secure even under the new government. COMMUNICATIONS Existing telephone and wireless systems must be utilized to their fullest extent. Constant checks must be made of their condition and emergency repairs will be expedited. INTELLIGENCE OPERATIONS Intelligence and precautionary measures will follow these outlined steps: The First Step (Immediately after formation of the government) Period: 7 August 1948 to 12 August 1948 During this period one-half of the entire personnel will be mobilized. The Second Step (So-called Liberation Period) Period: 13 August 1948 to 19 August 1948- During this period all available personnel will be mobilized. The Third Step (North Korea Election Period) Period from 20 August 1948 to 26 August 1948 During the period from 20 August to 23 August one-half of the entire personnel will be mobilized; and on 24, 25 and 26 of August all available personnel will be subject to duty and will be mobilized. SUBJECT OF INTELLIGENCE WORK 1. Security of the leading members and staffs of the government. 2. Investigation of the friction among the Minjok Youth, Dai Dong Youth and the Constabulary over the approaching organization of the National Armed Forces. 3. Investigation of cell organizations of the South Korea Labor Party within the National Police and expansion of their activities in general business posts for the purpose of exposing cases. 4. Continued investigation of the movement of rioters. 5. Investigation of underground movements of proponents of the North Korea election. 6. Investigation of movements of members of the Democratic Student's Union durning summer vacation period. 7. Investigation of, and precautions against, meetings and assembly of special elements and their movements. 8. Intelligence work on the invasion of secretly dispatched subversive elements from the sea coasts. ; Statistics of Cheju disturbance from April 3 — July 5 inclusive — as given by police administrative section...(Inspection Command #1) Attacks by raiders ——— 174 Police killed — 27 " wounded — 34 " missing — 8 Innocent citizens killed — 108 " wounded — 82 " kidnapped — 322 Raiders killed — 165 " wounded —— 15 Police boxes burned — 5 Citizens houses burned — 204 Police weapons stolen by raiders — 20 Korean "communists" arrested by police — 795 Cases before court ("Code and Administrative officer) — 88 Number people sentenced by court — 216 Cases now prepared for trial — 7 (17 persons) Cases preparing for trial — 35 ( 96 persons ) • 제주도 폭동 관련 재판장소 이관 / <남조선과도정부 활동> 제34호(1948년 7월, 8월) UNITED STATES ARMY FORCES IN KOREA SOUTH KOREAN INTERIM GOVERNMENT ACTIVITIES PREPARED BY NATIONAL ECONOMIC BOARD NO 34 JULY — AUGUST 1948 KOREAN COURTS 6. Trial of riot cases in Cheju-do continued to claim the attention of the courts. A team consisting of two judges and the Chief Prosecutor of the Supreme Court, sent to Cheju-do in July, returned to Seoul after completing trial of a majority of cases arising from the riots on that island. About 250 persons still were confined in the police jail. The judges reported that the atmosphere in Cheju-do was "not suitable" for the trial of riot cases. The judges were under constant fear for their safety. They feared violence at the hands of leftists if they sentenced rioters lightly. They recommended that serious riot cases be transferred to Mokpo or Kwangju for trial. The Military Governor authorized the Council of Justices, at their discretion, to transfer any Cheju-do cases to Mokpo or Kwangju for trial. CHEJU-DO RIOTS 17. Toward the end of July, disturbances in Cheju-do had practically ceased. but sporadic riots and shootings wore reported in August. In July, newspapers were concerned primarily with the responsibility for the Cheju-do riots. Dai Han Ilbo said that the leader of the insurgents was Lee Sung-bo, formerly a student officer in the Japanese army. Chosun Ilbo blamed the civil war on the vicissitudes of the Cheju police, and on the fact that high Cheju officials were mainlanders. Cheju-do has maintained customs and institutions of its own apart from the Korean mainland. the paper explained, and mainlanders were incapable of understanding the psychology of the Cheju islanders. The paper hoped that the appointment of a new governor and Chief of Police, both born on the island, would ease the situation.