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GENERAL HEADQUARTERS FAR EAST COMMAND MILITARY INTELLIGENCE SECTION, GENERAL STAFF TABLE OF CONTENTS NO. Selected items for the Information of Commanders and Staffs of the Far East Command DATE 2167 27 July 1948 KOREA Military, Political, Economic, Social Situation, Press Review, Civil Intelligence, Miscellaneous MILITARY SITUATION Selected items for the Information of Commanders and Staffs of the Far East Command No. 2167 1. Border Incident: (a) Weapons of Japanese and Soviet Origin Employed: An investigation of the death of a U.S. soldier on 19 Jul approximately 20 miles northwest of Kaesong reveals that materials of Japanese and Soviet manufacture wore used by the North Korean attackers (Intell. Summary 2165). A pair of Japanese field glasses was found in a field near the scene of the incident, where the North Koreans apparently had taken cover prior to attacking U.S. outpost personnel. Cartridge cases found after the attack indicated that 7.7mm Japanese Model 99 rifles and 8mm pistols of Japanese manufacture were used by the North Koreans. The attackers threw three Soviet M1942HE hand grenades. (a) Comment: A report from a Korean source stated that the attackers were North Korean Constabulary troops in civilian clothes and the types of weapons employed tends to substantiate this report. Police Constabulary troops reportedly are equipped mainly with weapons of Japanese manufacture although recent reports indicate that some Soviet arms have been received by troops in border areas. The identification of grenades of Soviet manufacture indicates the possibility that the Soviets have issued grenades to Constabulary troops along the 38th Parallel for use in border clashes. MISCELLANEOUS 3. Civil Disturbances: (Refer to Map No. 2) (a) USSR Demands Ten-to-One Odds: General Major (U.S. brigadier general) S. P. Merkulov, commanding the Soviet forces in North Korea, has demanded that 10 ships, allegedly detained by U.S. authorities in 1946-47, be returned to North Korea in exchange for the South Korean Coast Guard Cutter Tong Chun. The crew of the Tong Chun fled from South Korea for political reasons and surrendered themselves to the North Korean authorities for protection, according to a note from Gen Merkulov in reply to a protest from Lt Gen John R. Hodge, Commanding General, USAFIK (Intell. Summary 2153). Gen Merkulov considers it possible for U.S. authorities to enter into negotiations with the North Korean People's Committee for the return of the Tong Chun upon receipt of a U.S. agreement to return the 10 vessels, allegedly the property of North Korea. An investigation is being conducted by the Military Governor, Maj Gen William F. Dean, to determine the basis for the Soviet allegation that U.S. authorities have detained the 10 vessels listed by the Soviet commander. (c) (b) Civil Disturbances 1-30 Jun: Acts of violence and terrorism accounted for more than 135 deaths in South Korea in June, approximately 200 fewer than in May. (d) The number of civil disturbances occurring has dropped considerably, notably on Cheju Island where a vigorous campaign to rid the island of all dissidents is in progress. Communist activities were concentrated in the small villages of South Cholla and North Kyongsang Provinces. Following is a recapitulation of the more important disturbances: (e) Tosun (13) 10 Jun: A member of the United Young Men's Party (UYMP) was killed by 10 raiders. Totu (12) 11 Jun: A Communist was killed during a police raid. (i) Pukchon (14) 15 Jun: Two policemen were killed by 30 raiders. (l) Hagwi (11) 18 Jun: One raider was killed during an attack on the village. (m) Hawon (33) 18 Jun: One raider was killed during a fire fight with police. (n) Choju Island (34) 18 Jun: PAK Chin Kyung, commanding officer of the 11th Constabulary Regiment, was murdered while asleep. PAK was considered one of the finest commanders and combat leaders in Korea. (j) Kamsan (32) 28 Jun: Two raiders were killed during a police raid on their hideout. (t)