해방 이후 한국의 발전에 대한 마크 부영사의 논평

THE FOREIGN SERVICE OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA American Embassy, Seoul, May 23, 1949: No. 290 SECRET SUBJECT: Transmitting Copies of Review By Vice Consul Mark of Developments in Korea Following Liberation The Ambassador has the honor to enclose for the Department's background information copies of a review prepared by Vice Consul David E. Mark on developments in Korea following its liberation from Japan. Mr. Mark has written a most commendable and valuable survey of developments in Korea following liberation. It is therefore suggested that the Department may care to study Mr. Mark's paper carefully. The Ambassador desires to point out, in this general connection, that the observations, views and interpretations found in Mr. Mark's review are his own and do not necessarily reflect those held by the Mission. Enclosure: 1. As stated <첨부문서> 마크의 논평 SECRET Enclosure No. 1 to Despatch No. 290, May 23, 1949 American Embassy, Seoul. XII - POST ELECTION DEVELOPMENTS The new Government has had a series of crises during its infancy. The most serious of these have arisen from several defections in the Korean Constabulary (Army) by Communist elements which have resulted in a continuing purge of the Korean Security forces to ensure the dismissal of disloyal elements. Although the Army is, as a result of its cleansing, now probably a reliable body, the other consequences of the early defections of some personnel have ramified much beyond the Army itself. In late October 1948, a mutiny involving a regiment of soldiers, in the city of Yosu, South Chulla Province, immediately attracted civilian Communist sympathizers. The combined bands captured the city and five or six neighboring counties which they held against counterattacks of loyal forces for a week in some areas. Although the chief communities and accessible areas have now been restored to Government control, remnants of the rebels have remained active throughout the province as guerrilla bands. Similar troubles prevailed on Cheju Island where for almost two years armed Communist-civilian bands terrorized the countryside. Two or three mutinies in North Kyungsang Province, while not gathering civilian adherents, added fuel to widespread Communist-inspired disorders which have kept the province upset. Spasmodic troubles from scattered guerrillas have also occasionally disturbed parts of Kangwun, South Kyungsang, and North Ch'oongch'ung Provinces. A national reserve army (militia), a police auxiliary ("Min Po Tan") and students' military training have been started to increase the law and order potential of the Government.